Answer FOUR questions
1) Define culture and explain how this can influence people’s food choice at different stages of their life.
Food culture is very complex and is affected by a wide range of factors. These include family needs and food
preferences, cultural and religious background, values, attitudes and beliefs related to food, and food advertising. Food choices are also determined by how much money is available to buy food, facilities in the home, access to shops and skills in food preparation and cooking. Food habits and attitudes to foods develop at an early age and often reflect those of parents, caregivers and significant adults.
2) What evidence is there that food poverty exists in the UK ? Describe the groups of people in the UK who are at greatest risk of experiencing food poverty and explain why this might influence their health.
Food poverty can be defined as the inability to obtain healthy affordable food. This may be because people lack shops in their area or have trouble reaching them. Other factors influencing food access are the availability of a range of healthy goods in local shops, income, transport, fear of crime, knowledge about what constitutes a healthy diet, and the skills to create healthy meals. Due to this complex mix of factors, people on low incomes have the lowest intakes of fruit and vegetables and are far more likely to suffer from diet-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity and coronary heart disease. Food poverty can also be about an overabundance of “junk” food as well as a lack of healthy food.
3) Write short notes on THREE of the following and explain how they influence food availability or food choice:
a) Soil erosion and desertification:
Conventional agriculture contributes to erosion by overusing synthetic pesticides.
b) Global warming:
Consumers can have a major influence on the market and global warming by making better food choices.
c) Pesticides
Organic foods are produced without the use of synthetic pesticides.
4) Describe the food choice of hunter gatherers and explain how this differs from the food choice of peasant agriculturists.
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